How FPV drone racing works, and whose rules apply.

FPV drone racing sits under three layers of rules from three kinds of body. The law of the air comes from each country's aviation authority and differs from one country to the next. Model-aircraft associations write codes for their members, and in some countries hold authorisations that change what members may do. Racing rules come from the FAI and from organisers such as MultiGP, and apply only at their races. The FAI says in its own rule book that national air law takes precedence.

This section keeps those layers apart. A legal rule on these pages always names its country, authority, document and date; an association or racing rule is never presented as law; and no page says a drone or setup is legal or safe, only which authority's rule decides. These pages give no flying technique, building or configuration steps.

Which documents, which editions

Rules change. The aviation authority's current text, the race's published rules and the officials on the day always decide.

The pages in this section

1. What FPV drone racing is: the FAI's definition, goggles and the mandatory helper, and the three layers of rules.
2. How a race works: the F9U circuit and safety line, qualifying, brackets, timing and penalties.
3. The FAI F9U rules: the model limits article by article: 1 kg, 330 mm, 6S, 6-inch propellers, 25 mW video.
4. MultiGP classes: Open, Pro Spec, Whoop, Micro, Freedom Spec and E-Sport, as one organiser's rules.
5. The bodies: aviation and radio regulators, the FAI and its World Cup, MultiGP, the DRL and the associations.
6. Flying with goggles and observers: each jurisdiction's line-of-sight and observer rule, then the association and racing rules.
7. The law in the United States: 44809, Part 107, registration, Remote ID and ages.
8. The law in the UK: Flyer ID from 100 g, Operator ID, distances, class marks and Remote ID.
9. The law in the EU: Regulation 2019/947, C classes, where races sit, age 16 and Remote ID.
10. The law in Canada: micro and small RPAs, certificates, FPV observers and advertised events.
11. The law in Australia: CASR 101.073 and 101.245, and the MAAA's FPV approval.
12. Radio rules by country: the FCC, CEPT, Ofcom, ISED and ACMA, and the racing bodies' limits.
13. How people learn: tests the law requires, association schemes and simulators.
14. How many people fly: each body's participation figures, with dates.

Equipment is covered in equipment, safety rules and research in safety, and terms in the glossary.